MU RWANDA
HANZE
Abahimba ni abantu bo mu bwoko bwitwa Ovahimba bo muri Namibia bakaba bazwiho kuzimanira umushyitsi w’umugabo kurarana n’umugore wabo ibintu bihangayikishije kuko bishobora gutuma habaho kwandura Sida n’izindi ndwara zandurira mu mibonano mpuzabitsina idakingiye.
Ubwoko bita Himba cyanga Ovahimba bubarizwa mu burasirazuba bw’igihugu cya Namibia aho muri ki kinyejana cya 21, umuco wabo ubemerera kuzimanira umushyitsi w‘umugabo kurarana n’umugore wa Nyir’urugo cyangwa undi muntu w’igitsina gore kiri muri urwo rugo.
Umugabane wa Afrika ufite ibihugu 54, ni ukuvuga ko abatuye uyu mugane bagize 16% by’abatuye isi yose.
Uyu mugabane ukaba utuwe n’amoko y’abantu asaga 3000 aho buri bwoko bufite umuco na gakondo yabwo badashobora guhindura kugeza ubu.
Urugero ni nk’Abazuru bo muri Afrika y’epfo, Abamasayi bo muri Tanzania na Kenya, Abaturukana babarizwa mu burasirazuba bwa Kenya n’abandi,….
Uyu munsi reka tubagezeho umuco w‘ubwoko bita Himba cyanga Ovahimba bo mu gihugu cya Namibia babarizwa mu ntara za Kunene na Umusati ziri mu burasirazuba b’icyo gihugu, aho ibarura riheruka ryo mwaka wa 2014 ryerekana ko umubare wabo ari ibihumbi 500.
Akazi nyamukuru bakora ni aborozi b’amatungo inka, intama n’ihene aho 80% by’imirimo isanzwe ikorwa n’abagore baho ar’ugukama, kubaka amazu, kuyahoma no kuyasakara dore ko baba muri nyakatsi, naho akazi k’abagabo kakaba ar’ukuragira byaba ngombwa no guhinga aho bahinga igihingwa cy’ibigori.
Ubu bwoko buzwiho kugira abagore basa neza ndetse abenshi babita“abagore batukura”kubera kwisiga itaka ritukura rivanze n’amavuta y’inka igice cya ruguru kiba kitambaye kandi bakagira n’uburyo baboha imisatsi yabo ndetse nayo bakayisiga iryo taka ritukura.
Imwe mu mico itangaje y’ubu bwoko nuko igitsina gore hamwe no kwisiga iryo taka ritukura, umuco wabo utabemerera gukora amazi haba gufura cyangwa kwiyuhagira aho abagabo aribo bonyine bemererwa gukaraba no gufura imyenda yabo.
Aha rero umuntu yakwibaza ngo abagore bakaraba bate?
Mu mwanya wo kwiyuhagira bakora icyo twakwita kwiyuka aho bafata amababi y’igiti cyitwa commiphora bakagitwika bakicara begereye uwo muriro ahantu habugenewe mu kazu kameze nk’izo twitaga burende gashakaje impu gatuma umwotsi udasohoka hanze, uwo mwotsi w’ayo mababi uhumura ukaguma muri ako kazu, ugatuma babira ibyuya umubiri wose cyane cyane mu myanya ndanga gitsina uko kukaba aribwo buryo biyuhagiramo kandi ibi bakabikora buri munsi.
Ubu bwoko kandi iyo umukobwa ageze igiye cyo gushaka, ise niwe umushakira umugabo, dore ko yemererwa gushaka ageze mu gihe abona imihango ya mbere, aha ise atangira kurambagiriza aho umugabo bemeranyije azana ikwano dore ko bakwa inka cyanga ubuki akamujyana atitaye ku kuba afite undi mugore kuko ubuharike buremerwa (Polygamy).
Mu myizerere y’ubu bwoko, bemera ko umugabo wese aba afite umugisha bityo iyo wakiriye umushyitsi w‘umugabo ukamuraza iwawe kandi neza umugisha usigara mu rugo rwawe .
Ni nayo mpamvu mu muco wabo umaze ibinyejana byinshi ukaba ariwo utangaza benshi, ni aho umushyitsi w‘umugabo iyo ageze mu rugo azimanirwa kurarana n’umukobwa utarashaka.
Iyo mur’urwo rugo umushyitsi agezemo nta mukoba uhari, nyir’urugo arimuka akarara mu cyumba kindi cyanga akajya ku rundi rugo ku mugore we wundi kugira ngo umushyitsi w‘umugabo ararane n’umugore wo mur’urwo rugo.
Iyo umugabo w‘umusanga adafite undi mugore n’inzuye ikaba idafite icyumba kindi, ubwo uwo mugabo bimusaba kurara hanze hanyuma mu gitondo hagakorwa igenzura ko imibonano mpuzabitsina yakozwe basanga nta cyakozwe uwo mugore akongera kurarana n’uwo mugabo w‘umushyitsi kugeza igihe arongorewe.
Nubwo bimeze gutya ariko birahangayikishije aho bishobora kuba intandaro y’ikwirakwizwa rya Virusi Itera Sida kuko mu mwaka w’1996 igihugu cya Namibia cyari mu bihugu byazahajwe na virusi itera Sida aho icyo cyorezo cyagize uruhare runini mu mpfu nyinshi zabaye muri uwo mwaka n’ubwo nyuma y’imyaka 10 zagabanutse ho 70% kandi icyi gihugu kikaba cyarabaye igihugu gifite ababana na virusi itera SIDA benshi ku isi hose.
Urugero ni nk’aho mu mwaka wa 2016 abasaga 13.8% by’abantu bakuru nukuvuga guhera ku myaka 15 kugeza 49 babanaga n’ubwandu bwa virusi itera Sida ibintu byanatumye icyizere cyo kubaho cyiva ku myaka 61 kigera ku myaka 49.
GAKWANDI James
